ইরাকেই গড়ে উঠেছিলো মেসোপটেমিয়া নামক বিশ্বের অন্যতম প্রাচীন সভ্যতা। ‘ইউফ্রেটিস ও ‘টাইগ্রিস' এই দুই নদীর মধ্যবর্তী এলাকা 'মেসোপটেমিয়া' নামে পরিচিত। ইরাকে রয়েছে ইউনেস্কো বিশ্ব ঐতিহ্যবাহী স্থান- আসুর ও সামারা। ইরাকের দ্বিতীয় বৃহত্তম শহরের নাম মসুল। ১৯২০ সালে উসমানীয় সাম্রাজ্য বিভক্তর কারনে ইরাকের নিয়ন্ত্রণ চলে যায় ব্রিটেনের হাতে। ১৯৩২ সালে ইরাক ব্রিটেন হতে স্বাধীনতা লাভ করে। ১৯৫৮ সালে রাজতন্ত্রের পতন ঘটে, প্রতিষ্ঠা হয় ইরাকি প্রজাতন্ত্র। ইউফ্রেটিস, টাইগ্রিস, সাত-ইল-আরব, লিটর জ্যাব, ডিয়ালা ইত্যাদি ইরাকের উল্লেখযোগ্য নদী । হস্তশিল্প, কার্পেট ইত্যাদি উৎপাদনে ইরাকের খ্যাতি রয়েছে বিশ্বব্যাপী।
জেনে নিই
আব্বাসীয় আমলে ইরাকের বাগদাদে প্রতিষ্ঠিত একটি গ্রন্থাগার ও অনুবাদ কেন্দ্র ছিল বাইতুল হিকমাহ । এটিকে ইসলামী স্বর্ণযুগের একটি প্রধান বুদ্ধিবৃত্তিক কেন্দ্র ও নিদর্শন হিসেবে বিবেচনা করা হয়। এর প্রতিষ্ঠাতা হারুনুর রশিদ এবং তার পুত্র খলিফা আল মামুনের সময়কালে চুড়ান্ত সমৃদ্ধ লাভ করে ।
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আমাদের অল-ইন-ওয়ান মোবাইল অ্যাপের মাধ্যমে সীমাহীন শেখার সুযোগ উপভোগ করুন।
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